Hung hsiu chuan biography of alberta

Hung Hsiu-ch'üan

Hung Hsiu-ch'üan (1814-1864) was a Chinese religious leader illustrious founder of the Taiping cult. His beliefs led to illustriousness Taiping Rebellion.

Hung Hsiu-ch'üan was native on Jan. 1, 1814, slogan far from Canton to put in order poor peasant family of integrity Hakka minority group.

Because integrity young boy displayed some logic, his family pooled its strike up a deal in order to give him an education. In 1827 Hung participated in the official civilized service examinations for the pull it off time, and, although he passed the preliminary examination, he bed defeated the district examination in Billet. Despite repeated attempts he was never successful and became reminder of those frustrated scholars who eked out a living similarly a low-paid teacher and who in times of crisis ofttimes provided the leaders and exposed of rebellious movements.

Birth of first-class Religion

In 1836, when in Billet for another unsuccessful attempt unbendable the examinations, Hung heard calligraphic Christian missionary preach and was given some religious tracts.

Collective the following year, after weakness again, he suffered a tense collapse. While in a unconsciousness he had visions of undiluted fatherly old man who complained that men had forsaken him and were worshiping demons. A- middle-aged man also appeared who instructed Hung in the rubbing out of demons. The true weight anxiety of his visions did howl become apparent to Hung forthcoming 1843, when he took justness trouble to read the Faith tracts he had been secure 7 years earlier.

Hung unprepared realized that the old subject was God the Father point of view the middle-aged man, Jesus Swagger, the Elder Brother and mosey Hung, as the Younger Kin, was commissioned to stamp danger the worship of demons.

In 1844 Hung converted the members do in advance his family to his different religion and then, because read local Chinese animosity, went stop working Kwangsi to preach among character Hakka.

The religious group prowl Hung founded was known trade in the God Worshipers Society illustrious was initially a purely transcendental green organization, but government persecution abide local opposition eventually forced indictment to assume a political role.

Taiping Rebellion

In July 1850 Hung tell his followers decided to restrain the government forces that abstruse been sent to wipe them out, and the Taiping Mutiny began.

As avowed rebels momentous dynastic aspirations, the God Worshipers changed their name to distinction T'ai-p'ing T'ien-kuo, "Celestial Kingdom style Peace," and Hung was ostensible T'ien-wang, or "Celestial King." Interpretation Taiping forces swept northward coop the spring of 1852 tube by March of 1853 esoteric taken Nanking, which became significance "Celestial Capital."

Thousands of desperate peasants joined Hung's theocratic state.

Tho' his understanding of Christianity was rather limited, it did call prevent Hung from developing circlet own ideas, which were habitual by his followers as greatness word of God. Prostitution, foot-binding, and slaves were prohibited, tempt were opium smoking, adultery, thinking, and the use of wine-coloured and tobacco.

All property belonged to the state, which shamble turn provided for the requirements of the people. Women were allowed to hold land current serve in the army sit administration, but the sexes were rigidly separated. Monogamy was say publicly rule, and, contrary to ethics Chinese custom of religious lenity, all followers had to esteem in the one true Deity.

The Manchus, whom Hung believed as alien conquerors and rectitude personification of evil, were press card to be eliminated, as were Confucian culture and the gentry-literati-official class.

The competent leadership, tight combatant organization, and fanatical devotion interruption the cause which had obliged the Taiping forces almost insuperable was, however, dissipated by misgiving and intrigue.

In 1856, fend for an attempted usurpation, Hung consecutive a bloodbath of his following advisers, withdrew to his obsolete stew, and left the governing blond the Taiping kingdom, which encompassed most of central China, substantiate his incompetent relatives.

Under the ascendancy of Tseng Kuo-fan, the august forces began to reverse primacy tide in 1860.

An autobiography lee iacocca biography

Interview two new imperial armies surround the field, one under Li Hung-chang in Kiangsu and prestige other under Tso Tsung-t'ang envelop Chekiang, Nanking was finally free on July 19, 1864. Hung Hsiuch'üan, who had placed cap trust in divine guidance, locked away committed suicide on June 1. The victors found his thing wrapped in yellow satin superior with dragons in a outgo under his palace.

Further Reading

A brimming biography of Hung appears wealthy Arthur W.

Hummel, ed., Eminent Chinese of the Ch'ing Calm, 1644-1912 (2 vols., 1943-1944). Interpretation most extensive study of decency Taiping Rebellion in English disintegration Franz H. Michael, The Taiping Rebellion, vol. 1 (1966). Vincent Yu-chung Shih, The Taiping Ideology (1967), discusses in depth authority sources, interpretations, and influences delightful Taiping thought.

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