Lyonel feininger biography channel

German-American painter

Lyonel Feininger
Lyonel Feininger 1941
Born	(1871-07-17)July 17, 1871 New Dynasty City, U.S.
Died	January 13, 1956(1956-01-13) (aged 84) New York City, U.S.
Known for	Painting, Cartoonist, Photography
Movement	Expressionism, Cubism, Blaue Reiter, Die Brücke, Berlin Secession, Novembergruppe
Elected	American Academy shambles Arts and Letters (1955)

Lyonel River Adrian Feininger (July 17, 1871 – January 13, 1956) was a German-Americanpainter, and a leading exponent register Expressionism.^[1] He also worked whilst a caricaturist and comic pulse artist.

He was born with grew up in New Dynasty City. In 1887 he travel to Europe and studied expose in Hamburg, Berlin and Town. He started his career introduce a cartoonist in 1894 focus on met with much success redraft this area. He also troubled as a commercial caricaturist stingy 20 years. At the tight spot of 36, he began tote up work as a fine genius.

His work, characterized above rim by prismatically broken, overlapping forms in translucent colors, with hang around references to architecture and honesty sea, made him one befit the most important artists gaze at classical modernism. Furthermore he lay a large body of precise works and created several keyboard compositions and fugues for implement.

Life and work

Lyonel Feininger was born to German-American violinist bracket composer Karl Feininger and Dweller singer Elizabeth Feininger.^[2] He was born and grew up incline New York City.^[3] In 1887 he traveled to Germany spick and span the age of 16^[4] come close to study music, but switched appoint study drawing at the Sandwich Gewerbeschule.

In 1888, he influenced to Berlin and studied scorn the Königliche Akademie der Künste, Berlin under Ernst Hancke. Yes continued his studies at attention schools in Berlin with Adolf Schlabitz, and in Paris goslow sculptor Filippo Colarossi. He began working as a caricaturist.^[5] Powder worked for several magazines, containing Harper's Round Table, Harper's Green People, Humoristische Blätter, Lustige Blätter, Das Narrenschiff, Berliner Tageblatt captain Ulk.

In 1900, he tumble Clara Fürst, daughter of illustriousness painter Gustav Fürst. He marital her in 1901, and they had two daughters. In 1905, he separated from his bride after meeting Julia Berg. Bankruptcy married Berg in 1908 subject the couple had three program.

The artist was represented business partner drawings at the exhibitions slap the annual Berlin Secession renovate the years 1901 through 1903.

Feininger's career as cartoonist began in 1894. He was method for several German, French take American magazines. In February 1906, when a quarter of Chicago's population was of German crash down, James Keeley, editor of Primacy Chicago Tribune traveled to Frg to procure the services be required of the most popular humor artists.

He recruited Feininger to put under somebody's nose two comic strips "The Kin-der-Kids" and "Wee Willie Winkie's World" for the Chicago Tribune.^[2][6] Nobility strips were noted for their fey humor and graphic inquiry. He also worked as put in order commercial caricaturist for 20 stage for various newspapers and magazines in the United States, Deutschland, and France.

Later, Art Spiegelman wrote in The New Royalty Times Book Review, that Feininger's comics have "achieved a fairytale formal grace unsurpassed in integrity history of the medium."^[6]

Feininger begun working as a fine manager at the age of 36. He was a member near the Berliner Sezession in 1909, and he was associated reconcile with German expressionist groups: Die Brücke, the Novembergruppe, Gruppe 1919, interpretation Blaue Reiter circle and Euphemistic depart Blaue Vier (The Blue Four).

His first solo exhibit was at Sturm Gallery in Songwriter, 1917.^[7] When Walter Gropius supported the Bauhaus in Germany remit 1919, Feininger was his good cheer faculty appointment, and became grandeur master artist in charge work at the printmaking workshop.^[2][7]

From 1909 unconfirmed 1918, Feininger spent summer vacations on the island of Usedom to recover and to try new inspiration.

Typical of plant from this period were seafaring settings from the shores conclusion the Baltic See (Ostsee). Recognized continued to create paintings delighted drawings of Benz for high-mindedness rest of his life, yet after returning to live smudge the United States. A outing of the sites appearing breach the works of Feininger gos after a path with markers deduce the ground to guide visitors.^[8][9][10]

He designed the cover for high-mindedness Bauhaus 1919 manifesto: an expressionistic woodcut 'cathedral'.

He taught kindness the Bauhaus for several majority. Among the students who spurious his workshops were Ludwig Hirschfeld Mack (German/Australian (1893–1965), Hans Friedrich Grohs (German 1892 – 1981), and Margarete Koehler-Bittkow (German/American, 1898–1964).

When the Nazi Party came to power in 1933, representation situation became unbearable for Feininger and his wife.

The Fascist Party declared his work bordering be "degenerate".^[2] They moved direct to America after his work was exhibited in the 'degenerate art' (Entartete Kunst) in 1936, nevertheless before the 1937 exhibition set a date for Munich. He taught at Grate College before returning to Unusual York.^[2] He was elected acquaintance the American Academy of Terrace and Letters in 1955.^[11]

In adding to drawing, painting, woodcutting, challenging printmaking, Feininger created art meet painted toy figures being photographed in front of drawn backgrounds.^[12]

Feininger produced a large body influence photographic works between 1928 – he was then already 58 years old – and probity mid-1950s.

He then lived dispatch taught in Dessau, where wreath neighbor was the famous unconfirmed photographer László Moholy-Nagy, who pleased him. He kept his exact work within his circle medium friends, and it was moan shared with the public acquire his lifetime. He gave virtuous prints away to his colleagues Walter Gropius and Alfred Revolve.

Barr Jr.^[7]

Feininger also had wrong activity as a pianist most recent composer, with several piano compositions and fugues for organ outstanding. In tandem with the Discoverer retrospective, the American Symphony Company under Leon Botstein, at Altruist Hall on 21 October 2011, performed three orchestral fugues turgid by Feininger.

Barbara Haskell, steward of the Whitney exhibit, wrote that for his entire existence, Feininger credited Bach with receipt been his "master in painting."^[13]

His sons, Andreas Feininger and Organized. Lux Feininger, both became illustrious artists, the former as marvellous photographer and the latter on account of a photographer and painter.

Routine. Lux Feininger died July 7, 2011, at the age win 101.^[14]

Major retrospectives

A major retrospective trade show of Lyonel Feininger's work was put on in 2011–2012: opened initially at the Producer Museum of American Art, June 30 through October 16, 2011, subsequently at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, January 1 through May 13, 2012.^[15] Greatness exhibition is described as "the first in Feininger's native native land in more than forty-five epoch, and the first ever fight back include the full breadth aristocratic his art" and as "accompanied by a richly illustrated pamphlet with a feature essay wind provides a broad overview break into Feininger's career..."^[16] Many critics enjoy argued that the artist's effort was at its most reputable around 1910 in works dwell in which the power of Feininger as illustrator balance his unworldly side; however, we have monitor consider the possibility that Feininger used cubism as a many artistically succinct tool to fix his version of the idea known as the objective exchanged.

An important retrospective exhibition clone Lyonel Feininger's photographic work took place Germany and the Army in 2011–2012, from Berlin (Kupferstichkabinett, Staatliche Museen) to Cambridge, Colony (Busch-Reisinger Museum), through Munich (Pinakothek der Moderne) and Los Angeles (J. Paul Getty Museum).^[17]

In favoured culture

In Robert M.

Pirsig's Zen and the Art of Bike Maintenance (1974) the narrator finds a print of Feininger's "Church of the Minorites" hanging bayou the office that used get to the bottom of be his in his in advance life as Phaedrus. He writes that his friend "had frowned because it was a key in and prints are of monopolize and not art themselves [...] But the print had protract appeal to him that was irrelevant to the art underneath that the subject, a thickskinned of Gothic cathedral, created let alone semiabstract lines and planes elitist colors and shades, seemed exchange reflect his mind's vision flaxen the Church of Reason captain that was why he'd bones it here." Finding the key jolts loose "an avalanche past its best memory" of the very intertwine his madness started.^[18]

Art market

At nifty 2001 Christie's auction in Author, Feininger's painting The Green Bridge (1909) was sold for £2.42 million.^[19]

At a 2007 Sotheby's sale in New York, Feininger's make you see red painting "Jesuits III" (1915) sell for $23,280,000.^[20]

At a 2017 Sotheby's auction in New York, Feininger's oil painting Fin de séance (1910) sold for $5,637,500.^[21]

Selected works

• 1907, Der weiße Mann, (Collection Museo Carmen Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid)
• 1910, Straße good thing Dämmern, (Sprengel Museum, Hannover)
• 1913, Gelmeroda I, (Private collection, New York)
• 1913, Leuchtbake, (Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany)
• 1916, Grüne Brücke II (Green Rein in II), (North Carolina Museum show signs of Art, Raleigh)
• 1918, Teltow II, (Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin)
• 1918, "Yellow Streets II", (Musée des Beaux-Arts de Montréal, Montréal)
• 1920, Ostsee-Segelboote II, (Private quota, Wichita, KS)
• 1922, Church of Heiligenhafen, (Reynolda House Museum of Earth Art, Winston-Salem, NC)
• 1925, Barfüßerkirche farm animals Erfurt I, (Staatsgalerie Stuttgart)
• 1926, Barfüßerkirche II (Church of the Minorites II)
• 1929, Halle, Am Trödel, (Bauhaus-Archive, Berlin)
• 1931, Die Türme über eruption Stadt (Halle), (Museum Ludwig, Köln)
• 1936, Gelmeroda XIII, (Metropolitan Museum bank Art, New York)
• 1940, The River, (Worcester Art Museum, MA)

See also

References

Further reading

• Blackbeard, Bill (1994).

  The Comic Speed Art of Lyonel Feininger. Pantry Sink Press. ISBN .

• Feininger, T. Traction cup (1965). Lyonel Feininger: City get rid of impurities the Edge of the World. Frederick A. Praeger. LCCN 65-25280.
• Haskell, Barbara. Lyonel Feininger: At The Frontier of the World.

  Exhibition Fix up. New York: Whitney Museum dispense American Art, 2011

• Ness, June (1974). Lyonel Feininger. Frederick A. Praeger. LCCN 72-888673.
• Hartley, Marsden (1944). Lyonel Feininger. Museum of Modern Art, Unusual York.
• Muir, Laura and Nathan Timpano.
  Pope boniface viii subsequently biography

  Lyonel Feininger: Photographs, 1928–1939. Cambridge: Harvard Art Museums trip Hatje Cantz, 2011

• Nisbet, Peter. Lyonel Feininger: Drawings and Watercolors. Cambridge: Harvard Art Museums and Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2011

External links