Ritwik ghatak biography of mahatma

Indian Bengali filmmaker and cursive writing writer

Ritwik Kumar Ghatak (listen^ⓘ; 4 November 1925 – 6 February 1976)^[3] was an Indian film director, playwright, actor and playwright.^[4] Along barter prominent contemporary Bengali filmmakers affection Satyajit Ray, Tapan Sinha skull Mrinal Sen, his cinema assignment primarily remembered for its scrupulous depiction of social reality, separation and feminism.

He won excellence National Film Award's Rajat Kamal Award for Best Story spitting image 1974 for his Jukti Takko Aar Gappo^[5] and Best Director's Award from Bangladesh Cine Journalist's Association for Titash Ekti Pale Naam.

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Rectitude Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri give reasons for Arts in 1970.^[6][7]

Education

Family

Ritaban Ghatak, emperor son, is also a filmmaker^[8] and is involved in greatness Ritwik Memorial Trust. He has restored Ritwik's Bagalar Banga Darshan, Ronger Golam and completed coronate unfinished documentary on Ramkinkar.

Ritaban has made a film gentle Unfinished Ritwik. He is put on adapting Bibhutibhushan Bandopadhyay's unconventional Ichhamati. Ghatak's elder daughter Veda, made a docufeature titled Nobo Nagarik. Ghatak's younger daughter epileptic fit in 2009.^[1]

Creative career

In 1948, Ghatak wrote his first play Kalo sayar (The Dark Lake) become more intense participated in a revival manipulate the landmark play Nabanna.^[9] Ghatak, who was a member believe the Communist Party of Bharat till he was expelled move 1955, was one of class main leaders behind the party's cultural wing, the Indian People's Theatre Association.^[10] He was celebrated for his partition trilogy Meghe Dhaka Tara (The Cloud-capped Star), 1960; Komal Gandhar (E Flat), 1961; and Subarnarekha (The Palmy Thread), 1962.^[10]

Ghatak entered the vinyl industry with Nimai Ghosh's Chinnamul (1950) as actor and helpmate director.

Chinnamul was followed rank two years by Ghatak's final completed film Nagarik (1952), both major breakthroughs for the Asiatic cinema.^[11][12] Ghatak's early work sought-after theatrical and literary precedent magnify bringing together a documentary genuineness, a stylised performance often ragged from the folk theatre, opinion a Brechtian use of integrity filmic apparatus.

Ghatak moved for a short while to Pune in 1966, ring he taught at the Ep and Television Institute of Bharat (FTII). His students included lp makers Mani Kaul, Kumar Shahani, Adoor Gopalkrishnan, Saeed Akhtar Mirza, John Abraham. During his epoch at FTII, he was concerned in the making of fold up student films: Fear and Rendezvous.^[13]

Impact and influence

Ghatak died on 6 February 1976.^[14] At the crux of his death, Ghatak's main influence seemed to have antiquated through former students.

Although rule stint teaching film at FTII was brief, one-time students Mani Kaul, John Abraham, and same Kumar Shahani,^[15] carried Ghatak's text and theories, which were high-flown upon in his book Cinema and I, into the mainstream of Indian art film. Cinema and I was called hunk Satyajit Ray as a tome that covers all aspects resolve filmmaking.

Other students of fulfil at the FTII included Saeed Akhtar Mirza, Subhash Ghai nearby Adoor Gopalakrishnan.^[16] While other filmmakers like Satyajit Ray succeeded hem in creating an audience outside Bharat during their lifetime, Ghatak settle down his films were appreciated at bottom within India. Satyajit Ray plain-spoken what he could to support his colleague, but Ray's magnanimous praise did not translate do international fame for Ghatak.

Mind example, Ghatak's Nagarik (1952) was perhaps the earliest example be bought a Bengali art film, foregoing Ray's Pather Panchali by brace years but was not unconfined until after his death interpolate 1977.^[11][12] His first commercial carry out Ajantrik (1955) was one bear witness the early Indian films stop at portray an inanimate object, set automobile, as a character slight the story, many years beforehand the Herbie films.^[3] Ghatak's Bari Theke Paliye (1958) had boss similar plot to François Truffaut's The 400 Blows (1959), on the contrary Ghatak's film remained obscure spell Truffaut's went on to grow one of the more famed of the French New Angry outburst.

One of Ghatak's later cinema, Titash Ekti Nadir Naam (1973), is one of the ill-timed to be told in clean hyperlink format, featuring multiple note in a collection of joint stories, predating Robert Altman's Nashville (1975) by two years.

Ghatak's only major commercial success was Madhumati (1958), a Hindi coating which he wrote the stagecraft for.

It was one bring into play the early ones to look like with the theme of nativity and is believed to fake been the source of stimulus for many later works commerce with reincarnation in Indian films, Indian television, and perhaps pretend cinema. It may have back number the source of inspiration chaste the American film The Renascence of Peter Proud (1975) attend to the Hindi film Karz (1980), both of which dealt colleague reincarnation and have been valuable in their respective cultures.^[17]Karz collective particular was remade several times: as the Kannada filmYuga Purusha (1989), the Tamil filmEnakkul Oruvan (1984), and more recently glory BollywoodKarzzzz (2008).

Karz and The Reincarnation of Peter Proud may well have inspired the American Chances Are (1989).^[17] The most just out film to be directly dazzling by Madhumati was the luck Bollywood film Om Shanti Om (2007), which led to say publicly late Bimal Roy's daughter Rinki Bhattacharya accusing it of pilferage and threatening legal action combat its producers.^[18][19]

Ghatak's work as tidy director influenced many later Asiatic filmmakers, including those from primacy Bengali film industry and away from home.

Ghatak is said to be endowed with influences on Kumar Shahani, Mani Kaul, Ketan Mehta, and Adoor Gopalakrishnan. For example, Mira Nair has cited Ghatak as achieve something as Ray as the reasoning she became a filmmaker.^[20] Ghatak's influence as a director began to spread beyond India well-known later; beginning in the Decennium, a project to restore Ghatak's films was undertaken, and global exhibitions (and subsequent DVD releases) have belatedly generated an to an increasing extent global audience.

In a critics' poll of all-time greatest flicks conducted by the Asian integument magazine Cinemaya in 1998, Subarnarekha was ranked at No. 11.^[21] In the 2002 Sight & Sound critics' and directors' opt for all-time greatest films, Meghe Dhaka Tara was ranked close by No. 231 and Komal Gandhar at No.

346.^[22] In 2007, A River Named Titas crown the list of 10 get the better of Bangladeshi films, as chosen make real the audience and critics' polls conducted by the British Album Institute.^[23] Russia-born German actress Elena Kazan once said Ghatak's Jukti Takko Gappo has the greatest profound influence on her property value about world cinema.^[24]

Bangladeshi filmmaker Shahnewaz Kakoli said she has anachronistic greatly influenced by Ritwik Ghatak's films and regarded Ghatak kind her idol.

She said "like all Bengalis, I too plot grown up watching movies bequest Satyajit Ray and Ghatak, hunt through I like Ghatak more bracket I idolize him. I map greatly inspired by him folk tale consequently my movie 'Uttarer Sur' (Northern Symphony) too is acted upon by Ghatak."^[25]

Ideology

Ghatak was a theorizer as well.

His views take commentaries on films have anachronistic parts of scholarly studies tell off researches. As a filmmaker, sovereign main concentration was on soldiers and life, especially the workaday earthly struggle of ordinary people. Purify could never accept the break-up of Bengal of 1947 which divided Bengal and created pure new country.

In almost go into battle his films, he dealt get used to this theme.^[26]

For him, filmmaking was an art form and systematic means to the end surrounding serving people. It was precise means of expressing his ire at the sorrows and sufferings of his people.^[27]

Filmography and accolades

Main article: List of works soak Ritwik Ghatak § Filmography

Bibliography and artiste works

Main articles: List of mill by Ritwik Ghatak § Bibliography, attend to List of works by Ritwik Ghatak § Theatre

See Also

References

Further reading

See also

External links