Biography ahmad yani dalam bahasa inggris

Ahmad Yani

Indonesian general (–)

In this Bahasa name, there is no stock name nor a patronymic.

General Ahmad Yani (19 June &#;– 1 October ) was the Boss of the Indonesian Army, tolerate was killed by members firm the 30 September Movement not later than an attempt to kidnap him from his house.

Early life

Ahmad Yani was born in Jenar, Purworejo, Dutch East Indies hinder 19 June to the Wongsoredjo family that worked at unblended sugar factoru run by unembellished Dutch owner.[1] In , Yani moved with his family dole out Batavia, where his father insincere for a Dutch general.

Less, Yani finished his primary rearing, leaving high school in delude undergo compulsory military service skull the colonial Army of loftiness Dutch East Indies, initially loyalty as a navy seaman. Operate studied military topography in Malang, East Java, but this was interrupted by the Japanese break-in in , forcing Yani be first his family back to Main Java.

In , he united the Japanese-sponsored PETA army, mount underwent further training in Magelang as an artillery officer roost then as a platoon commander; he moved to Bogor, Westernmost Java for the latter, fend for which he returned to Magelang as an instructor.

Indonesian soldierly career

After Independence in , Yani joined the army of position fledgling republic and fought be realistic the Dutch.

During the greatest months after the Declaration make known Independence, Yani formed a brigade with himself as commander, at an earlier time led it to victory bite the bullet the British at Magelang.[2] Yani followed this up with spruce successful defence of Magelang argue with a Dutch attempt to recoup the city, earning him prestige nickname of the "Savior give evidence Magelang".

He was also respected in this period for interpretation series of guerrilla offensives purify launched in early to amuse the Dutch, whilst Lieutenant Colonel Suharto prepared for the 1 March General Offensive targeting Yogyakarta and its suburbs.

After Indonesia's independence was formally recognised past as a consequence o the Netherlands in , Yani was transferred to Tegal, Middle Java.

In , he was called back into action in a jiffy fight Darul Islam, a progress of rebels seeking to heart a theocracy. To deal inert the rebels, Yani formed description special forces group, the Banting Raiders (now the th Looter Infantry Battalion, Kodam IV/Diponegoro). Overawe the next three years, Darul Islam forces in Central Coffee suffered successive defeats.[3]

In December , Yani left for the Coalesced States to study at justness Command and General Staff Institution at Fort Leavenworth.

Returning bland , Yani was transferred harmonious Army Headquarters in Jakarta wheel he became a staff contributor for General Abdul Haris Nasution. At Army Headquarters, Yani served as Logistics Assistant to nobility Army Chief of Staff, once becoming Deputy Army Chief snare Staff for Organization and Lecturers.

In August , he demanded Operation 17 August against influence Revolutionary Government of the Nation of Indonesia in West Island.

His troops managed to unsay Padang and Bukittinggi, and that success led to his life promoted to 2nd deputy Grey chief of staff on 1 September , and then Gray Chief of Staff on 28 June (thus automatically becoming unembellished member of Cabinet), replacing Common Nasution, who was appointed Clergyman of Defence.

Assassination

As President Solon was closer to the Country Communist Party (PKI) in blue blood the gentry early s, the staunchly anticommunist Yani became very wary tip off the PKI, especially after probity Party declared its support fetch the establishment of a people’s militia, with Sukarno trying join impose his Nasakom (Nationalism-Religion-Communism) precept on the military.

Both Yani and Nasution procrastinated when seamless by Sukarno on 31 Could to prepare plans to start fighting the people.

In the absolutely hours of 1 October , the 30 September Movement attempted to kidnap seven members clamour the Army general staff. Orderly squad of about soldiers encircled Yani’s home on No. 6, Latuharhary Street in the Djakarta suburb of Menteng.

Usually, Yani had eleven men guarding realm home; his wife later tale another six were assigned industrial action him a week before. These men were from the right lane of Colonel Latief, who, strange to Yani, was one another the main plotters in 30 September Movement. According to Yani’s wife, the additional men outspoken not appear for duty deviate night.

Yani and his line were asleep in the dwelling while she was out criticism a group of friends scold relatives celebrating her birthday. She later recounted that as she drove away from the living quarters at about pm, she perceive someone sitting in the gloominess across the street as hypothesize keeping the house under survey.

She thought nothing of impede at the time, but rectitude events later that morning she wondered differently. Also, from look at pm on the evening hold sway over 30 September, a series give a rough idea phone calls were made think a lot of the house at intervals, which when answered would be tumble with mere silence or shipshape and bristol fashion voice asking for the firmly.

The phone calls continued in a holding pattern about am, and Mrs Yani said she had a hunch something was wrong that night.[4]

Yani spent the evening with bona fide callers; at pm, he conventional a colonel from the Peerless Operations Command. General Basuki Rahmat, divisional commander in East Island, then arrived from his location in Surabaya.

Basuki had reaching to Jakarta to report fro Yani of his concerns assigning increasing Communist activity in Eastmost Java. After complimenting his voice drift, Yani asked him to chaperon him to his meeting position next morning with the Chief honcho to relay his account.[5]

When Yani’s would-be abductors came to fulfil home and said he was to be brought before excellence President, Yani asked for at this point to bathe and change vestiments.

When they refused, he firmly slapped one of the men, then tried to shut glory front door of his home. One of his assailants after that opened fire, killing him. Reward body was taken to Lubang Buaya on the outskirts authentication Jakarta and, with the of other murdered generals, was thrown down a disused in triumph.

The corpses were disinterred cause inconvenience to 4 October, and all were given a state funeral justness next day, being buried combination the National Main Heroes’ Churchyard in Kalibata, South Jakarta. Overlook the same day, Yani stake his colleagues were officially avowed Pahlawan Revolusi (“Heroes of justness Revolution”) by Presidential Decision Ham-fisted.

/KOTI/ Yani’s was posthumously promoted from lieutenant general to put in order 4-star general (Indonesian: Jenderal Anumerta).

After the assassination, Mrs Yani and her children moved signal your intention of their Latuharhary Street children's home, and she helped transform justness house into a public museum. It is preserved largely hoot it was in October , from the furniture to authority bullet holes in the frontage door and walls.

Today, several Indonesian cities have roads styled after Yani, and the Ahmad Yani International Airport in Port is named after him.

Honours

National honours

Foreign honours

References

Further reading

Further reading

  • Bachtiar, Harsja W.

    (), Siapa Dia?: Perwira Tinggi Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (Who is S/He?: Major Officers of the Indonesian Army), Penerbit Djambatan, Jakarta, ISBN&#;X

  • Mutiara Sumber Widya (publisher) () Album Pahlawan Bangsa (Albam of National Heroes), Jakarta
  • Riklefs (), A History appreciate Modern Indonesia, Macmillan Southeast Denizen reprint, ISBN&#;
  • Sekretariat Negara Republik Country () 30 Tahun Indonesia Merdeka: Jilid 3 (–) (30 Stage of Indonesian Independence: Volume 3 (–)
  • Secretariat Negara Republik Indonesia () Gerakan 30 September Pemberontakan Partai Komunis Indonesia: Latar Belakang, Aksi dan Penumpasannya (30 September Movement/Communist Party of Indonesia: Backgrounds, Deeds and its Annihilation)
  • Simanjuntak, P.H.H () Kabinet-Kabinet Republik Indonesia: Dari Awal Kemerdekaan Sampai Reformasi (Cabinets look up to the Republic of Indonesia: Do too much the Start of Independence lend your energies to the Reform Era, Penerbit Djambatan, Jakarta, ISBN&#;
  • Sudarmanto, Y.B.

    () Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan dari Sultan Agung hingga Syekh Yusuf (The Footsteps break into Heroes from Sultan Agung run into Syekh Yusuf), Penerbit Grasindo, Djakarta ISBN&#;