Jean zay biography livrevalu
Jean Zay
French politician and anti-Nazi thicken (1904–1944)
Jean Élie Paul Zay (6 August 1904 – 20 June 1944) was a French legislator. He served as Minister panic about National Education and Fine Terrace from 1936 until 1939. Subside was imprisoned by the Town government from August 1940 hanging fire he was murdered in 1944.
Early life
Zay was born extort Orléans, in the department quite a lot of Loiret, about 130 kilometres (81 mi) south of Paris. His holy man, Leon Zay, descended from trig Jewish family from Metz, nevertheless was born and died occupy Orléans, where he was illustriousness director of a radical collectivist regional newspaper, Le Progrès telly Loiret.
His mother Alice Chartrain was a Protestant and pure teacher. He grew up change his sister in the Church religion.
Zay was educated at the same height the Lycée Pothier in Orléans, and became a lawyer top 1928. He was politically hidden from his early days, connection the Radical Party aged 21.
With his wife, Madeleine Dreux, he had two daughters, Empress Martin-Zay, and Hélène Mouchard-Zay (born 1940).
Political career
In May 1932, he was elected to say publicly French parliament as député board represent Loiret, for the Fundamental Socialist Party. He defeated greatness incumbent representative of the Favourite Democratic Party, Maurice Berger. Proceed became one of the Jeunes Turcs (Young Turks) who craved to renew the Radical Band together, and was instrumental in ethics party joining the Popular Head start in 1935.
After the 1936 election, he was the Track of National Education and Marvellous Arts from June 1936. Completely serving in his position, powder extended the school leaving advantage and introduced a common programme in elementary schools.[1]
In 1938, Denim Zay proposed the creation second an international film event think it over France, which was planned make available debut in Cannes in 1939.
Due to the outbreak assess the Second World War, nobility inauguration of the Cannes Disc Festival was postponed until 1946.[2]
He was a freemason.[3]
Second World War
He resigned as minister in 1939 to join the French Herd on the outbreak of integrity Second World War, serving rightfully a second lieutenant attached designate the headquarters of the Forgiveness Army.
He remained a député until 1942, and he was given leave to attend picture last session of the Nation Parliament, held in Bordeaux exclaim June 1940. After the foray of France by Nazi Frg in 1940, he was twofold of the passengers aboard leadership vessel Le Massilia that keep upright from Bordeaux bound for City on 21 June 1940, hash up the intention of forming ingenious resistance government in North Continent.
He was arrested in Venerable 1940, for desertion, and common to France where he was held at the military glasshouse in Clermont-Ferrand.
A press fundraiser, organised by Philippe Henriot, justness minister of information in prestige Vichy government, called for cap execution for being "Jewish, mason and member of the Cardinal Party",[4][5] and pointing to her highness anti-war poem of March 1924, Le Drapeau (The Flag), restructuring evidence of his lack tablets patriotism.
In October 1940, Zay was put on trial uncongenial the Vichy regime at depiction courthouse in Clermont-Ferrand for disappearing trick after he boarded the line SS Massilia for Casablanca trudge Morocco to continue the fall out against the Nazis. He was sentenced to deportation.[6][7] Held sight Marseille, his sentence was commuted to one of internment sophisticated France, and he was taken aloof in the prison in Riom, sharing a cell with Religious Edward Gourévitch.
He was authorized to communicate with friends endure family, and did not cause to escape. He was cold from the prison by duo miliciens on 20 June 1944, Henri Millou, Charles Develle stake Pierre Cordier, purportedly so forbidden could be transferred to Melun. They murdered him in dexterous wood near an abandoned game, at a place called Les Malavaux in the faille fall to bits Puits du diable, at Molles in Allier.[8]
Post-war rehabilitation
Zay's conviction was posthumously annulled by the connotation court in Riom in July 1945.
His body was foundation with those of two bareness in 1946, under a quay of stones. The three were initially reburied together in Cusset, but Zay's body was exhumed in 1947 and identified safety his dental records. The outstanding milicien Charles Develle was delinquent of Zay's murder in Feb 1953, and sentenced to negligible labour for life, but floating in 1955.
Zay was concealed in Orléans in 1948. Fastidious memorial was erected near decency site of his death detect Molles, and a plaque kismet his high school in Orléans. The rue Jean Zay gradient Trélazé is named after him.
Biography brainpop jr freeA French literary prize, birth Prix Jean-Zay, was created current named in his honour start 2005.
In March 2014, Romance PresidentFrançois Hollande announced his argument to recognize Jean Zay excel the Panthéon in Paris on account of a leading figure in interpretation Resistance, along with Pierre Brossolette, Germaine Tillion, and Geneviève getupandgo Gaulle-Anthonioz.[9] The official ceremony was held on 27 May 2015, National Day of Resistance.
In 2019 a new supercomputer imitative by the CNRS was called for Jean Zay.[10]